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Java - Execute Shell Command Using Runtime.exec

By Softorks | October 17, 2019 | Updated : October 17, 2019

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1. Description

Runtime.exec (String command) - This function provides the ability to execute the command provided in the arguments in a separate process.

2. Declaration

            public Process exec(String command)        

3. Parameters

command - the command to be executed

4. Return value

This method returns a process object

5. Implementation

In this example, we will execute the ls -l / command to list all the directories present in the home folder and display their permissions.

import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader;  public class ExecuteShellCommandRuntimeExec { 	public static void main (String [] args) { 		try { 			Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("ls -l");  			 			StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();  			 			BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader (process.getInputStream())); 			 			String line; 			 			while((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { 				output.append(line + "\n"); 			} 			 			int exitVal = process.waitFor(); 			if (exitVal == 0) { 				System.out.println("Success"); 				System.out.println(output); 				System.exit(0); 			} else { 				System.out.println("Something abnormal has haapened :( "); 			} 				 		} catch (IOException e) { 			e.printStackTrace(); 		} catch (InterruptedException e) { 			e.printStackTrace(); 		} 	} }          

Output:

vpn-133-230-1-200:~ softorks$ ls -l / total 13 drwxrwxr-x+  81 root  admin  2592 Oct 17 11:02 Applications drwxr-xr-x+  69 root  wheel  2208 Aug 21 12:47 Library drwxr-xr-x    3 root  wheel    96 Oct 17 10:44 Network drwxrwx---  203 root  Virex  6496 Oct 15 19:37 Quarantine drwxr-xr-x@   5 root  wheel   160 May  4 01:21 System drwxr-xr-x    6 root  admin   192 Jun 22 11:32 Users drwxr-xr-x@   4 root  wheel   128 Oct 17 10:48 Volumes drwxr-xr-x@  37 root  wheel  1184 Oct 13 05:40 bin drwxrwxr-t    2 root  admin    64 Jun 22 11:32 cores dr-xr-xr-x    3 root  wheel  4349 Oct 17 10:44 dev lrwxr-xr-x@   1 root  wheel    11 Jun 22 11:31 etc -> private/etc dr-xr-xr-x    2 root  wheel     1 Oct 17 11:32 home -rw-r--r--    1 root  wheel   313 Feb 24  2019 installer.failurerequests dr-xr-xr-x    2 root  wheel     1 Oct 17 11:32 net drwxr-xr-x@   3 root  wheel    96 Dec  9  2016 opt drwxr-xr-x    7 root  wheel   224 Aug 21 12:47 private drwxr-xr-x@  64 root  wheel  2048 Oct 13 05:40 sbin lrwxr-xr-x@   1 root  wheel    11 Jun 22 11:31 tmp -> private/tmp drwxr-xr-x@   9 root  wheel   288 May  4 01:14 usr lrwxr-xr-x@   1 root  wheel    11 Jun 22 11:31 var -> private/var          

6. traceroute Example

In this example, we will execute the traceroute command to show all the IP addresses of all the network nodes between a source and a destination.

import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader;  public class ExecuteShellCommandRuntimeExec { 	public static void main (String [] args) { 		try { 			Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("traceroute google.com");  			 			StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();  			 			BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader (process.getInputStream())); 			 			String line; 			 			while((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { 				output.append(line + "\n"); 			} 			 			int exitVal = process.waitFor(); 			if (exitVal == 0) { 				System.out.println("Success"); 				System.out.println(output); 				System.exit(0); 			} else { 				System.out.println("Something abnormal has haapened :( "); 			} 				 		} catch (IOException e) { 			e.printStackTrace(); 		} catch (InterruptedException e) { 			e.printStackTrace(); 		} 	} }          

Output:

vpn-133-230-1-200:~ softorks$ traceroute softorks.com traceroute to softorks.com (162.241.252.212), 64 hops max, 52 byte packets  1  www.routerlogin.com (192.168.1.1)  1.828 ms  1.171 ms  1.076 ms  2  96.120.5.17 (96.120.5.17)  10.819 ms  9.734 ms  10.236 ms  3  68.86.108.157 (68.86.108.157)  9.466 ms  10.106 ms  11.188 ms  4  ae-127-ar01.b0atlanta.ga.atlanta.comcast.net (68.85.111.57)  10.193 ms  17.725 ms  10.128 ms  5  be-7725-cr02.56marietta.ga.ibone.comcast.net (68.86.93.125)  13.317 ms  12.365 ms *  6  be-11423-cr01.houston.tx.ibone.comcast.net (68.86.85.22)  30.680 ms  25.503 ms  25.118 ms  7  be-12393-pe01.westwaypark.tx.ibone.comcast.net (68.86.82.130)  25.743 ms  24.762 ms  25.539 ms  8  as8075-1.2001sixthave.wa.ibone.comcast.net (75.149.230.54)  25.087 ms  25.201 ms  25.575 ms  9  216.117.50.150 (216.117.50.150)  25.742 ms  26.621 ms  25.381 ms 10  po101.router2b.hou1.net.unifiedlayer.com (162.241.0.9)  25.678 ms  25.893 ms     po101.router2a.hou1.net.unifiedlayer.com (162.241.0.7)  25.370 ms 11  162-241-150-61.unifiedlayer.com (162.241.150.61)  26.501 ms     162-241-150-59.unifiedlayer.com (162.241.150.59)  25.636 ms * 12  box5741.bluehost.com (162.241.252.212)  28.384 ms  26.011 ms  24.808 ms          

7. Watch Video Tutorial...

reiddriale.blogspot.com

Source: https://softorks.com/en/java/how-to-execute-shell-command-java-runtimeExec.php

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